Valveless two-cycle hydrocarbon motor



F. DURR. VALVELESS TWO-CYCLE HYDROCABBDN MOTOR. (Apphcatmn filed Apr 15 189B (No Model) Witnesses:

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UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRITZ DURR, on BERLIN, GERMANY.

VALVELESS TWO-CYCLE HYDROCARBON-MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 625,387, dated May 23, 1899.

Application filed April 15, 1898.

To all whom it may concur/2,:

Be it known that I, FRITZ Di'JRR, head engineer, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and a resident of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Valveless Two-Cycle l-Iydrocarbon-Motors for Petroleum, Gas, Benzin, &c.; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference thereon.

My invention relates to a two-cycle or twophase hydrocarbon-motor for petroleum, gas, benzin, &c., which is adapted to work without constituent valve parts, so that an absolutely reliable and stead y action can be guaranteed.

In this improvement the newly-sucked-up supply of gas mixture remains in a telescopic movable ex plosion-chamber, in which also the ignition takes place, so that thereby the most perfect working is assured.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents an axial section of my improved motor. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1.

a represents a cylindrical casing, in which are inserted an upper cylinder b and a lower cylinder 0. The upper cylinder Z) is inserted from above the casing and the lower cylinder is inserted from beneath the casing, the lower cylinder being of much less diameter than the upper cylinder. The casing and the upper cylinder 6 are each formed with annular ribs 6 between them, whereby an annular space is provided, normally separated from the space (1 within the cylinders. The annular space is divided by radial ribsf into segmental conduit-chamber g and segmental eftlux-chamber h, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

i is a piston common to both cylinders, having a tubular body surmounted by a mantle t". The interior of the piston at the upper end serves as the explosion-chamber and the lower end as a bearing for a connecting-rod 76.

Z is a cylindrical cover provided with a depending pipe m, having radial entrance holes or slots n at its upper end and which reaches down right into the piston. Therefore the interior part of the piston slides telescopic- Serial No. 677,715. (No model.)

ally onto the pipe m, and forms thereby the explosion-chamber, for the ignition of the gases takes place therein by an ordinary lighting contrivance. In the present case I employ an electrical means for ignition, in which one of the poles 0 extends through the cover while being insulated therefrom and the other pole r is fastened in a partition 7;" in the piston 2' and is connected with a conductor S through the metal of the motor itself. The upper cylinder 5 is formed with radial ports x, connecting the conduit-chamber g with the space within the cylinders. The lower cylinder is formed with radial ports 'y, providing communication between the space within the cylinders and the explosionchamber. The upper cylinder is also formed with radial ports 2, leading to the efliux-chamber n.

The operation of the motor is, as will now be described, as follows: Taking for granted that the motor is set in motion, so that as yet no gas mixture is contained therein, then when the piston 1' goes upward a little vacuum is created in the space (1 until the ports at,

joining the space d wit-h the conduit-chamber g, are set free. At this moment the gas mixture which had been let into the conduit= chamber 9 flows at a great rate into the space (1. When the piston 2' again moves downward, then the new gas mixture is compressed in the space d until all the ports g, which are provided around the entire circumference of the lower cylinder 0 and the interior part of the piston, exactly coincide. At this moment the compressed gas mixture flows through the ports y into the pistons interior A and the pipe m simultaneously, partly escaping through the openings or slots n into the cylinder interior B. At the next change of stroke on the one hand a vacuum is again formed in the space d and fresh gas mixture is admitted at the end of the piston-stroke, and on the other hand the gas mixture in the Working spaceB and the interior A of the piston is compressed and ignited by an electric spark as soon as the poles 0 and 1 almost make contact or by any mode of ignition and so brings about an explosion. The exploding gas mixture now does its work and drives the piston 1 downward, simultaneously, however, compressing the gas mixture in the space d. Even before the ports y coincide the ports 2 in the right half of the cylinder 1) are set free by the upper edge of the piston, so that the burned gases may escape into the efliuX-chamher h. As soon as the discharging is started, the gas mixture, compressed in the space (2, passes again through the ports y and again into the piston interior A and the same working pro cedure is repeated.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A valveless two-cycle h yd rocarbon-motor comprising the casing, the upper cylinder formed with supply-ports and effluX-ports and providing a conduit-chamber and an efliuxchamber in connection with the casing, the lower cylinder having ports and of less diameter than the upper cylinder, a piston having a tubular body surmounted by a mantle and formed with ports adapted to coincide with the ports in the lower cylinder; and an igniting means connected with the interior of the tubular body; substantially as described.

2. A valveless two-cycle hydrocarbon-motor comprising the casing, the pipe having openings at its upper end and depending from the cover of the casing, the upper cylinder formed with supply-ports and efiiux-ports, and providing a conduit-chamber and an effluX-chamher in connection with the casing, the lower cylinder having ports and of less diameter than the upper cylinder, a piston having a tubular body surmounted by a mantle, telescoping the pipe, and formed with ports adapted to coincide with the ports in the lower cylinder, and an igniting means connected with the interior of the tubular body; substantially as described.

The foregoing specification signed at Berlin this 30th day of March, 1898.

FRITZ DURR.

In presence of WILHELM Moon, C. H. DAY. 

